This project focused on the implementation and analysis of two fundamental digital modulation schemes: Binary Frequency Shift Keying (BFSK) and Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK).

BFSK represents binary data by shifting between two distinct frequencies. A higher frequency corresponds to binary 1, while a lower frequency represents binary 0. This modulation technique is relatively simple, robust against noise, and is frequently used in low-data-rate communication applications such as remote controls and paging systems.

In contrast, BPSK represents binary data by changing the phase of a carrier signal. A 0-degree phase represents a binary 1, and a 180-degree phase represents a binary 0. BPSK provides better spectral efficiency and improved resistance to noise compared to BFSK, making it suitable for high-reliability systems such as wireless and satellite communications.

This project involved designing, simulating, and analyzing both modulators to understand their operational principles, strengths, and application scenarios in digital communication.